All Saudi Stocks: Comprehensive Guide to Market Performance

The Saudi financial market, known as "Tadawul," was established as a central platform to organize the buying and selling of stocks and other financial instruments in the Kingdom. The market is overseen by the Capital Market Authority, which ensures transparency and fairness in all operations, establishing laws that protect investor rights and support an attractive investment environment. The Saudi market is not just a trading platform; it is a mirror of the national economy, reflecting its fluctuations due to the Kingdom's heavy reliance on vital sectors such as energy, banking, and consumer goods.

The market includes two main types of markets: the main market for large companies and the parallel growth market targeting small and medium enterprises. A variety of investment tools are available, from ordinary and preferred stocks to sukuk, bonds, and real estate investment trusts (REITs), providing investors with a wide range of options to diversify their investments according to their goals and risk tolerance.

Investors and analysts rely on market indices to measure the overall performance of all Saudi stocks. The most prominent index is the Tadawul All Share Index (TASI), which reflects the movement of all stocks listed in the main market. In the first half of 2025, the TASI closed at 11,163.96 points, recording a decline of approximately 4.41% compared to the same period last year. The index reached its highest closing at 12,471.72 points in February 2025, indicating fluctuations linked to oil price volatility and global economic conditions.

Investors also use sector indices, such as the banking or energy sector index, to assess the performance of each sector individually. These indices assist in making decisions based on the relative performance analysis of different sectors, without being direct investment recommendations. It is important to monitor indices over a sufficient time frame to understand major trends rather than just momentary changes.

By the end of the first half of 2025, the market capitalization of all Saudi stocks reached approximately SAR 9,126.04 billion (around USD 2.43 trillion), a decline of 9.25% compared to the same period in 2024. This value is among the highest in the region, supported by the presence of large-cap companies such as Saudi Aramco.

In terms of trading volume, approximately 29.44 billion shares were traded during the first half of 2025, compared to 39.53 billion shares in the same period of 2024, reflecting a decrease of nearly 25.5%. The trading value also declined to SAR 688.09 billion, indicating a slowdown in liquidity due to global challenges. These figures reflect the market's dynamics and its ability to adapt to local and global economic changes.

The All Saudi Stocks Market is divided into two main markets: the main market and the parallel growth market. The main market includes large companies with substantial capital and strict regulatory requirements. These companies are often stable and subject to precise disclosure and governance rules. The parallel growth market, on the other hand, is aimed at small and medium enterprises that need funding and business expansion, with more flexible listing requirements.

This division allows for a wide range of companies to be covered and provides diverse opportunities for investors based on their acceptable level of risk. Regulatory authorities encourage companies to transition from the growth market to the main market after achieving certain growth and stability standards, enhancing market dynamism.

All Saudi stocks are distributed across several key economic sectors, each with its characteristics and determinants:

1. Financial Sector: Includes banks and insurance and investment companies, such as National Commercial Bank (1180), Al Rajhi Bank (1120), and Riyad Bank (1010). This sector is characterized by its ability to achieve relatively stable profits and distributions.
2. Energy and Petrochemicals Sector: Led by Saudi Aramco (2222) and SABIC (2010), it is directly affected by global oil prices.
3. Consumer Goods Sector: Such as Almarai (2280) and Savola (2050), characterized by relatively stable demand for its products.
4. Telecommunications Sector: Includes companies like Saudi Telecom (7010) and Mobily (7020), benefiting from technological advancements.
5. Real Estate and Development Sector: Includes REITs and real estate development companies, benefiting from housing and urban development projects.
6. Other Sectors: Such as healthcare, capital goods, and basic materials, each with different performance indicators and risk characteristics.

The prices of all Saudi stocks are influenced by several interrelated factors, the most important of which are:

- Oil Prices: Directly affect major sectors such as energy and banking.
- Monetary and Fiscal Policies: Such as changes in global and local interest rates, which reflect on liquidity flows.
- Financial Performance of Companies: Results from major companies and dividend distributions play a pivotal role.
- Local Economic Developments: Such as economic growth, inflation rates, and unemployment.
- Government Reforms: Decisions like increasing foreign ownership limits or launching Vision 2030 projects.
- Geopolitical and Regional Factors: Events in the region may affect investor confidence and capital flows.
These factors make it essential to monitor news and financial analyses to understand market trends without relying on personal predictions or rumors.

Investors can purchase all Saudi stocks by opening a trading account with a licensed financial broker within the Kingdom. Investors are required to complete identity data and link a bank account, after which they can execute buy and sell orders electronically through trading platforms. The Capital Market Authority oversees all brokers and regulates operations to ensure investor protection and market transparency.

The Saudi market has become more open to foreign investors, with foreign ownership limits raised to 49% in most sectors, allowing for direct trading through accredited international brokers. Investment tools such as exchange-traded funds and sukuk are also available to attract diverse investor segments.

Many companies listed in all Saudi stocks feature a regular dividend distribution policy, especially in the banking and energy sectors. Companies typically announce annual or semi-annual dividends after the financial statements are approved, and profits are directly transferred to investors' accounts with brokers.

For example, Aramco announced record dividends in 2024 amounting to USD 61.6 billion, while distribution ratios in major banks ranged between 50% and 60% of net profits. Dividends play a role in attracting investors seeking regular income, especially during periods of declining stock prices.

Investing in all Saudi stocks involves a range of risks, such as:

- Oil Price Volatility, which affects the profits of major companies.
- Geopolitical Risks and Regional Events.
- Sudden Changes in Regulations or Taxes.
- Global or Local Economic Slowdown.
- Internal and External Competition, especially with the entry of new companies or the expansion of regional competitors.

Diversifying the investment portfolio and following economic news helps reduce risk levels, with the importance of consulting a licensed financial advisor when making investment decisions.

The Saudi market provides sector indices for each group of companies within a specific sector, such as the energy or banking sector index. These indices allow investors to evaluate sector performance separately from the overall index, aiding in decisions based on the performance analysis of each sector.

Sector indices are also used in risk management and portfolio diversification, as investors or investment funds can track the performance of one sector over another. The performance of major sectors often reflects on the overall index, highlighting the importance of monitoring sector indices to better understand market dynamics.

The Saudi market has seen continuous updates in recent years, including reduced trading costs, improved settlement mechanisms, and enhanced governance and transparency standards. The Capital Market Authority has launched digital platforms such as "Ather" to enhance the governance of listed companies and has sought to expand the derivatives market by introducing new hedging tools.

In terms of attracting foreign investments, the Saudi market has been included in global indices such as MSCI and FTSE, leading to a flow of foreign capital and increased liquidity depth. Additionally, the market has witnessed new public offerings in the parallel growth market, reflecting a desire to support startups and expand the investor base.

Major companies play a pivotal role in directing the performance of all Saudi stocks. Companies such as Aramco (2222), National Commercial Bank (1180), Al Rajhi Bank (1120), and SABIC (2010) represent a significant portion of the market capitalization of the overall index. The results of these companies, especially concerning profits and dividend distributions, often determine the general market trends.

When these companies announce strong earnings or generous distributions, it boosts investor confidence and supports the index. Conversely, if these companies face challenges, it may lead to a decline in the market as a whole. Therefore, it is important to monitor announcements from major companies and analyze their financial results within the framework of informed investment criteria.

Both individual and institutional investors participate in the All Saudi Stocks Market. Individuals represent a high percentage of trading volume compared to other global markets, giving the market a dynamic character and rapid interaction with news.

On the other hand, institutional investors, such as sovereign wealth funds, pension funds, and investment companies, have become more active due to the market's inclusion in international indices and the facilitation of foreign capital entry. This balance between individuals and institutions enhances market depth and reduces volatility, while continuous financial education is essential to ensure sound decision-making.

Given the multitude of influencing factors and the diversity of sectors in all Saudi stocks, new or even experienced investors may face difficulties in making informed decisions. It is important to consult a licensed financial advisor with knowledge of the local market and financial analysis tools to define investment goals, assess risks, and build a balanced portfolio.

Platforms like SIGMIX provide educational content and neutral analyses that help investors better understand the market, but they do not replace the importance of communicating with certified specialists to ensure capital protection and achieve financial goals in scientific and methodical ways.